The Distinction Between Justification and Sanctification

In what way are justification and sanctification alike?

1. Both proceed originally from the free grace of God. It is of His gift alone that believers are justified or sanctified at all.
2. Both are part of that great work of salvation which Christ, in the eternal covenant, has undertaken on behalf of His people. Christ is the fountain of life, from which pardon and holiness both flow. The root of each is Christ.
3. Both are alike necessary to salvation. No one ever reached heaven without a renewed heart as well as forgiveness, without the Spirit's grace as well as the blood of Christ, without meetness for eternal glory as well as a title. The one is just as necessary as the other.

In what way do justification and sanctification differ?

1. Justification is the "reckoning and counting a man to be righteous for the sake of another, even Jesus Christ the Lord. Sanctification is the actual "making" a believer inwardly righteous, though it may be in a very feeble way for some.
2. The righteousness we have by our justification is not our own, but the everlasting perfect righteousness of our great Mediator Christ, imputed to us, and made our own by faith. The righteousness we have by sanctification is our own righteousness, imparted, inherent, and wrought in us by the Holy Spirit, but it mingles with much infirmity and imperfection.
3. In justification our own works have no place at all, and simple faith in Christ is the one thing needful.
4. In sanctification our own works are of vast importance and God bids us fight, and watch, and pray, and strive, and to take pains, and labor. Justification is a finished and complete work, and a man is perfectly justified the moment he truly believes in his heart. Sanctification is an imperfect work, comparatively, and will never be perfected until we reach heaven.
5. Justification admits of no growth or increase: a believer is as much justified the hour he first comes to Christ by faith as he will be to all eternity. Sanctification is eminently a progressive work, and admits of continual growth and enlargement so long as the believer lives.
6. Justification has special reference to our persons, our standing in God's sight, and our deliverance from guilt. Sanctification has special reference to our "natures", and the moral renewal of our hearts.
7. Justification gives us our title to heaven, and boldness to enter in. Sanctification gives us our worthiness for heaven, and prepares us to enjoy it when we dwell there.
8. Justification is the act of God about us, and is not easily discerned by others. Sanctification is the work of God "within" us, and cannot be hid in its outward manifestation from the eyes of men.

It can never be too strongly impressed on our minds that justification and sanctification are two separate things. Never ought they to be confounded, and never ought the distinction between them to be forgotten.

The nature and visible marks of sanctification have been brought before us. What practical reflections ought the whole matter to raise in our minds?

1. For one thing, let us all awake to a sense of the perilous state of many professing Christians. "Without holiness no man shall see the Lord"; without sanctification there is no salvation (Heb.12;14). Then what an enormous amount of so-called religion there is which is perfectly useless! What an immense proportion of church-goers are in the broad road that leads to destruction! The thought of awful, crushing, and overwhelming! Oh, that preachers and teachers would open their eyes and realize the condition of souls around them! Oh, that man could be persuaded to "flee from the wrath to come"! If unsanctified souls can be saved and go to heaven, the Bible must not be true. Yet the Bible is true and cannot lie! What must the end be?
2. For another thing, let us make sure workd of our own condition, and never rest till we feel and know that we are "sanctified" ourselves! What are our tastes, and choices, and likes, and inclinations? This is the great testing question. It matter little what we wish, and what we hope, and what we desire to be before we die. Where are we now? What are we doing? Are we sanctified or not? If not, the fault is all our own!
3. For another thing, if we would be sanctified, our course is clear and plain - we must begin with Christ. We must go to Him as sinners, with no plea but that of utter need, and cast our souls on Him by faith, for peace and reconciliation with God. We must place ourselves in His hands, as in the hands of a good physician, and cry to Him for mercy and grace. We must wait for nothing to brings with us as a recommendation. The very first step towards sanctification, no less than justification, is to come with faith to Christ. We must live and then work.
4. For another thing, if we would grow in holiness and become more sanctified, we must continually go on as we began, and be ever making fresh applications to Christ. He is the Head from which every member must be supplied (Eph. 16). To live the life of daily faith in the Son of God, and to be daily drawing out of His fullness the promised grace and strength which He has laid up for His people - this is the grand secret of progressive sanctification. Believers who seem at a standstill are generally neglecting close communion with Jesus, and so grieving the Holy Spirit. He that prayed, "Sanctify them" the last night before His crucifixion, is infinitely willing to help everyone who by faith applies to Him for help, and desires to be made more holy.
5. For another thing, let us not expect too much from our own hearts here below. At our best we shall find in ourselves daily cause for humiliation, and discover that we are needy debtors to mercy and grace every hour. The more light we have, the more we shall find ourselvem as we go on; renewed, pardoned, justified - yet sinners to the very last. Our absolute perfection is yet to come, and the expectation of it is one reason why we should long for heaven.
6. Finally, let us never be ashamed of making much of sanctification, and contending for a high standard of holiness. While some are satisfied with a miserably low degree of attainment, and others are not ashamed to live on without any holiness at all - content with a mere round of church-going, but never getting on -let us stand fast on the narrow way and follow after eminent holiness ourselves, and recommend it boldly to others. This is the only way to be truly happy. Holiness is true happiness, and that the believer who gets through life most comfortably is the sanctified believer. They have solid comforts which the world can neither give nor take away. (J. C. Ryle)